Anatomy of Flowering Plants – Daily Practice Problem (DPP)

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🎯 NEET 2026 Daily Practice Problem (DPP)

Topic: Anatomy of Flowering Plants | 20 High-Yield MCQs

Q1. Intercalary meristems are found in:

  1. Node
  2. Lateral bud
  3. Terminal bud
  4. Internode
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (4) Internode
Explanation: Intercalary meristems occur between mature tissues, such as at the base of internodes in grasses, aiding in the regeneration of parts removed by grazers.

Q2. Which of the following tissues provides mechanical support to the growing parts of the plant such as young stem and petiole of a leaf?

  1. Sclerenchyma
  2. Parenchyma
  3. Collenchyma
  4. Aerenchyma
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (3) Collenchyma
Explanation: Collenchyma cells are thickened at corners (pectin/cellulose) and provide flexibility and mechanical support to young stems and petioles.

Q3. Casparian strips occur in:

  1. Epidermis
  2. Pericycle
  3. Cortex
  4. Endodermis
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (4) Endodermis
Explanation: Casparian strips are water-impermeable waxy bands (suberin) found in the endodermis of roots, forcing water to cross the membrane (symplast) rather than flow between cells (apoplast).

Q4. In a dorsiventral leaf, the location of palisade parenchyma and phloem is:

  1. Adaxial and Abaxial respectively
  2. Abaxial and Adaxial respectively
  3. Adaxial and Adaxial respectively
  4. Abaxial and Abaxial respectively
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (1) Adaxial and Abaxial respectively
Explanation: Palisade parenchyma is located on the upper (adaxial) surface. In vascular bundles, xylem is adaxial (upper) and phloem is abaxial (lower).

Q5. Which of the following is true for a dicot stem?

  1. Vascular bundles are scattered
  2. Vascular bundles are arranged in a ring
  3. Vascular bundles are closed
  4. Hypodermis is sclerenchymatous
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (2) Vascular bundles are arranged in a ring
Explanation: Ring arrangement of conjoint, collateral, and open vascular bundles is a characteristic of dicot stems. Scattered bundles are found in monocot stems.

Q6. Companion cells are closely associated with:

  1. Sieve elements
  2. Vessel elements
  3. Trichomes
  4. Guard cells
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (1) Sieve elements
Explanation: Companion cells are specialized parenchymatous cells associated with sieve tube elements in angiosperm phloem, connected by pit fields.

Q7. Pericycle of roots produces:

  1. Mechanical support
  2. Lateral roots
  3. Vascular bundles
  4. Adventitious roots
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (2) Lateral roots
Explanation: In roots, the pericycle is the site of origin for lateral roots (endogenous origin) and part of the vascular cambium during secondary growth.

Q8. Heartwood differs from sapwood in:

  1. Presence of rays and fibres
  2. Absence of vessels and parenchyma
  3. Having dead and non-conducting elements
  4. Being susceptible to pests and pathogens
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (3) Having dead and non-conducting elements
Explanation: Heartwood (Duramen) is central, dark, hard, and non-conducting due to deposition of tannins/resins. Sapwood (Alburnum) is peripheral and conducting.

Q9. Stomata in grass leaves are:

  1. Dumb-bell shaped
  2. Kidney shaped
  3. Rectangular
  4. Barrel shaped
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (1) Dumb-bell shaped
Explanation: In monocots (grasses), guard cells are dumb-bell shaped. In dicots, they are bean (kidney) shaped.

Q10. The vascular cambium normally gives rise to:

  1. Primary phloem
  2. Secondary xylem
  3. Periderm
  4. Phelloderm
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (2) Secondary xylem
Explanation: Vascular cambium cuts off cells towards the inside to form Secondary Xylem (more active) and towards the outside to form Secondary Phloem.

Q11. Closed vascular bundles lack:

  1. Ground tissue
  2. Conjunctive tissue
  3. Cambium
  4. Pith
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (3) Cambium
Explanation: Vascular bundles without cambium between xylem and phloem are called ‘Closed’ (e.g., Monocots). They cannot undergo secondary growth.

Q12. Bulliform cells are modified:

  1. Mesophyll cells
  2. Epidermal cells
  3. Vascular cells
  4. Guard cells
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (2) Epidermal cells
Explanation: Bulliform cells are large, empty, colorless epidermal cells in grasses (monocots) that help in rolling/unrolling leaves to minimize water loss.

Q13. In the dicot root, the vascular cambium originates from:

  1. Tissue located below the phloem bundles and a portion of pericycle tissue above protoxylem
  2. Cortical region
  3. Parenchyma between endodermis and pericycle
  4. Intrafascicular and interfascicular tissue of stem
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (1) Tissue located below the phloem bundles and a portion of pericycle tissue above protoxylem
Explanation: It forms a wavy ring initially which later becomes circular.

Q14. The cork cambium, cork, and secondary cortex are collectively called:

  1. Phelloderm
  2. Phellogen
  3. Periderm
  4. Phellem
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (3) Periderm
Explanation: Phellogen (Cork Cambium) + Phellem (Cork) + Phelloderm (Secondary Cortex) = Periderm.

Q15. Lenticels are involved in:

  1. Transpiration
  2. Gaseous exchange
  3. Food transport
  4. Photosynthesis
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (2) Gaseous exchange
Explanation: Lenticels are lens-shaped openings in the bark that permit the exchange of gases between the outer atmosphere and the internal tissue of the stem.

Q16. Age of a tree can be estimated by:

  1. Number of leaves
  2. Biomass
  3. Number of annual rings
  4. Height of the tree
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (3) Number of annual rings
Explanation: Dendrochronology is the study of determining age by counting annual rings (Spring wood + Autumn wood).

Q17. A conjoint and open vascular bundle will be observed in the transverse section of:

  1. Monocot root
  2. Monocot stem
  3. Dicot root
  4. Dicot stem
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (4) Dicot stem
Explanation: Roots have radial bundles. Monocot stems have closed bundles. Dicot stems have conjoint, collateral, and open bundles (with cambium).

Q18. Function of companion cells is:

  1. Loading of sucrose into sieve elements
  2. Providing energy to sieve elements for active transport
  3. Providing water to phloem
  4. Loading of ions into xylem
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (1) Loading of sucrose into sieve elements
Explanation: Companion cells help in maintaining the pressure gradient in sieve tubes and loading food (sucrose).

Q19. Pith is small or inconspicuous in:

  1. Monocot root
  2. Dicot root
  3. Monocot stem
  4. Dicot stem
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (2) Dicot root
Explanation: Dicot roots have a small/absent pith. Monocot roots have a large, well-developed pith.

Q20. Gymnosperms lack which of the following xylem elements?

  1. Tracheids
  2. Xylem vessels
  3. Xylem parenchyma
  4. Xylem fibres
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (2) Xylem vessels
Explanation: The presence of vessels is a characteristic feature of Angiosperms. Gymnosperms lack vessels (with rare exceptions like Gnetales).

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