Human Health & Disease – Daily Practice Problem (DPP)

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🎯 NEET 2026 Daily Practice Problem (DPP)

Class 12 | Unit 3: Biology in Human Welfare | Topic: Health & Disease

Q1. Which diagnostic test is used to confirm Typhoid fever?

  1. ELISA
  2. Widal Test
  3. PCR
  4. Biopsy
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (2) Widal Test
Explanation: Typhoid fever caused by *Salmonella typhi* is confirmed by the Widal test.

Q2. The malignant malaria, which is the most serious and fatal, is caused by:

  1. Plasmodium vivax
  2. Plasmodium malariae
  3. Plasmodium falciparum
  4. Plasmodium ovale
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (3) Plasmodium falciparum
Explanation: *P. falciparum* causes the most severe form of malaria (malignant malaria) which can be fatal.

Q3. The infectious stage of Plasmodium that enters the human body is:

  1. Trophozoite
  2. Sporozoite
  3. Gametocyte
  4. Merozoite
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (2) Sporozoite
Explanation: *Plasmodium* enters the human body as sporozoites (infectious form) through the bite of an infected female *Anopheles* mosquito.

[Image of Life cycle of Plasmodium showing human and mosquito host stages]

Q4. Which of the following diseases is caused by a rhinovirus?

  1. Pneumonia
  2. Common Cold
  3. Typhoid
  4. Amoebiasis
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (2) Common Cold
Explanation: Rhinoviruses infect the nose and respiratory passage but not the lungs (unlike Pneumonia). It is one of the most common infectious diseases.

Q5. Elephantiasis (Filariasis) is caused by:

  1. Ascaris lumbricoides
  2. Entamoeba histolytica
  3. Wuchereria bancrofti
  4. Plasmodium vivax
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (3) Wuchereria bancrofti
Explanation: The filarial worm (*Wuchereria bancrofti* and *W. malayi*) causes chronic inflammation of lymphatic vessels, usually of the lower limbs.

Q6. Ringworm in humans is caused by:

  1. Bacteria
  2. Fungi
  3. Nematodes
  4. Viruses
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (2) Fungi
Explanation: Fungi belonging to the genera *Microsporum*, *Trichophyton*, and *Epidermophyton* are responsible for ringworms.

Q7. The antibody present in colostrum (first milk) is:

  1. IgG
  2. IgM
  3. IgE
  4. IgA
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (4) IgA
Explanation: Colostrum contains abundant IgA antibodies to protect the infant (Passive Immunity).

Q8. Which type of barriers in innate immunity includes saliva in the mouth and tears from eyes?

  1. Physical barriers
  2. Physiological barriers
  3. Cellular barriers
  4. Cytokine barriers
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (2) Physiological barriers
Explanation: Acid in the stomach, saliva in the mouth, and tears prevent microbial growth and are physiological barriers.

Q9. Cell-mediated immunity is mediated by:

  1. B-lymphocytes
  2. T-lymphocytes
  3. Red Blood Cells
  4. Platelets
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (2) T-lymphocytes
Explanation: The T-lymphocytes mediate Cell-Mediated Immunity (CMI), which is responsible for graft rejection.

Q10. An example of an autoimmune disease is:

  1. AIDS
  2. Cancer
  3. Rheumatoid arthritis
  4. Asthma
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (3) Rheumatoid arthritis
Explanation: In autoimmune diseases, the body attacks self-cells. Rheumatoid arthritis affects the joints.

Q11. The primary lymphoid organs are:

  1. Spleen and Thymus
  2. Bone marrow and Thymus
  3. Bone marrow and Lymph nodes
  4. Thymus and MALT
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (2) Bone marrow and Thymus
Explanation: These are where immature lymphocytes differentiate into antigen-sensitive lymphocytes. Spleen and nodes are secondary organs.

Q12. HIV is a retrovirus that attacks which cells in the human body?

  1. Helper T-lymphocytes
  2. B-lymphocytes
  3. Neutrophils
  4. RBCs
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (1) Helper T-lymphocytes
Explanation: HIV enters Helper T-cells ($T_H$ cells), replicates, and destroys them, leading to a drastic decrease in immunity.

[Image of Replication of Retrovirus in animal cell]

Q13. Cancer cells show the property of:

  1. Contact inhibition
  2. Metastasis
  3. Regulated growth
  4. Differentiation
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (2) Metastasis
Explanation: Cancer cells lose contact inhibition and show metastasis, where tumor cells slough off and spread to distant parts of the body.

Q14. Heroin is chemically:

  1. Diacetylmorphine
  2. Cannabinoid
  3. Benzodiazepine
  4. Amphetamine
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (1) Diacetylmorphine
Explanation: Heroin (smack) is chemically diacetylmorphine, obtained by acetylation of morphine.

Q15. The receptors for opioids are present in:

  1. Respiratory system only
  2. Central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract
  3. Cardiovascular system
  4. Liver and kidney
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (2) Central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract
Explanation: Opioids bind to specific opioid receptors present in the CNS and GI tract.

Q16. Cirrhosis of the liver is caused by the chronic intake of:

  1. Tobacco
  2. Alcohol
  3. Opium
  4. Cocaine
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (2) Alcohol
Explanation: Chronic alcoholism damages the nervous system and the liver (Cirrhosis).

Q17. Which antibody is responsible for allergic reactions?

  1. IgA
  2. IgG
  3. IgE
  4. IgM
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (3) IgE
Explanation: Allergy involves the release of histamine and serotonin from mast cells, triggered by IgE antibodies.

[Image of Structure of an antibody molecule]

Q18. The plant *Cannabis sativa* yields:

  1. Opioids
  2. Cannabinoids
  3. Coca alkaloid
  4. Barbiturates
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (2) Cannabinoids
Explanation: Cannabinoids (like marijuana, hashish, charas, ganja) are obtained from the inflorescences of the hemp plant.

Q19. Cocaine interferes with the transport of which neurotransmitter?

  1. Acetylcholine
  2. Dopamine
  3. GABA
  4. Serotonin
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (2) Dopamine
Explanation: Cocaine (Coca alkaloid) interferes with the reuptake of dopamine, leading to euphoria.

Q20. Tobacco smoke contains Carbon monoxide which causes:

  1. Increase in heme-bound oxygen
  2. Decrease in heme-bound oxygen
  3. Carcinogenic effect on the bladder
  4. Increase in blood pressure only
✅ View Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: (2) Decrease in heme-bound oxygen
Explanation: CO binds to hemoglobin with higher affinity than oxygen, reducing the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.

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