🎯 NEET 2026 Daily Practice Problem (DPP)
Topic: Chemical Coordination and Integration | 20 High-Yield MCQs
Q1. Endocrine glands are called ‘ductless glands’ because:
- They do not secrete hormones
- They lack ducts and release secretions directly into blood
- They have very short ducts
- They secrete enzymes instead of hormones
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Correct Answer: (2) They lack ducts and release secretions directly into blood
Explanation: Endocrine glands pour their secretions (hormones) directly into the venous blood for transport to target organs.
Q2. Which part of the brain is the basal part of the diencephalon and regulates a wide spectrum of body functions?
- Thalamus
- Hypothalamus
- Cerebrum
- Cerebellum
✅ View Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: (2) Hypothalamus
Explanation: The hypothalamus contains several groups of neurosecretory cells (nuclei) which produce hormones that regulate the synthesis and secretion of pituitary hormones.
Q3. GnRH (Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone) stimulates the synthesis and release of:
- Oxytocin
- ADH
- Gonadotrophins (LH and FSH)
- ACTH
✅ View Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: (3) Gonadotrophins (LH and FSH)
Explanation: GnRH is a hypothalamic hormone that acts on the anterior pituitary to trigger the release of LH and FSH.
Q4. The ‘master gland’ pituitary is located in a bony cavity called:
- Sella turcica
- Foramen magnum
- Acetabulum
- Glenoid cavity
✅ View Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: (1) Sella turcica
Explanation: The pituitary gland is attached to the hypothalamus by a stalk and sits within the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone.
Q5. Gigantism and Acromegaly are due to the hypersecretion of:
- Thyroxine
- Growth Hormone (GH)
- Cortisol
- Adrenaline
✅ View Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: (2) Growth Hormone (GH)
Explanation: Hypersecretion of GH in childhood leads to Gigantism; in adults, it causes Acromegaly (severe disfigurement, especially of the face).
Q6. Which of the following hormones is synthesized by the hypothalamus but released by the posterior pituitary?
- TSH
- PRL
- Oxytocin and ADH
- MSH
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Correct Answer: (3) Oxytocin and ADH
Explanation: The posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis) does not synthesize hormones. It stores and releases Oxytocin and Vasopressin (ADH) produced in the hypothalamus.
Q7. The hormone responsible for the regulation of 24-hour diurnal rhythm of our body is:
- Melanin
- Melatonin
- Thyroxine
- Calcitonin
✅ View Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: (2) Melatonin
Explanation: Melatonin is secreted by the pineal gland and regulates sleep-wake cycles, body temperature, and metabolism.
Q8. Iodine is essential for the synthesis of which hormones?
- Adrenaline
- Insulin
- Thyroid hormones (T3 and T4)
- Glucagon
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Correct Answer: (3) Thyroid hormones (T3 and T4)
Explanation: Deficiency of iodine leads to Goitre (enlargement of the thyroid gland). Thyroid hormones regulate the basal metabolic rate (BMR).
Q9. Which hormone lowers blood calcium levels?
- Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
- Thyrocalcitonin (TCT)
- Thyroxine
- Cortisol
✅ View Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: (2) Thyrocalcitonin (TCT)
Explanation: TCT (from Thyroid) lowers blood $Ca^{++}$ levels, while PTH (from Parathyroid) increases blood $Ca^{++}$ levels. They are antagonistic.
Q10. The ‘Hormone of Fight or Flight’ is:
- Thyroxine
- Adrenaline (Epinephrine)
- Oxytocin
- Insulin
✅ View Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: (2) Adrenaline (Epinephrine)
Explanation: Adrenaline and Noradrenaline are emergency hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla during stress.
Q20. Which of the following is a second messenger in hormone action?
- cAMP
- IP_3
- Ca{++}
- All of the above
✅ View Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: (4) All of the above
Explanation: Water-soluble hormones (like proteins/amines) bind to membrane receptors and generate second messengers like cAMP, IP_3, and Calcium to mediate cellular responses.